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Streptobacillus moniliformis infection is rarely described in the Australian population, consistent with other developed nations. Rarer still is S. moniliformis infection resulting in infective endocarditis.
With near universal carriage of the bacterium in ratoropharynx, inoculation and subsequent clinical disease is estimated to occur in about 10% of people following rodent bite; the condition is therefore commonly known as rat bite fever. The history of exposure to rat bite is not always initially obtained. Contemporary risk factors include laboratory technicians, pet store workers and pet rat owners. Close contact is sufficient for disease transmission in some cases.
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Authors: Caitlin Paul, Joseph O'Brien, Sarah Huffam and Daryl Ridley
Article Type: Medical Education
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*Medical Board of Australia’s (MBA)’s revised Registration Standard: Continuing professional development (the Standard)